Ruby difference in array including duplicates

Question

[1,2,3,3] - [1,2,3] produces the empty array []. Is it possible to retain duplicates so it returns [3]?

Answer 1

As far as I know, you can't do this with a built-in operation. Can't see anything in the ruby docs either. Simplest way to do this would be to extend the array class like this:

class Array
    def difference(array2)
        final_array = []
        self.each do |item|
            if array2.include?(item)
                array2.delete_at(array2.find_index(item))
            else
                final_array << item
            end
        end
    end
end

For all I know there's a more efficient way to do this, also

Answer 2

EDIT: As suggested by user2864740 in question comments, using Array#slice! is a much more elegant solution

def arr_sub(a,b)
    a = a.dup #if you want to preserve the original array
    b.each {|del| a.slice!(a.index(del)) if a.include?(del) }
    return a
end

Credit:

My original answer

def arr_sub(a,b)
    b = b.each_with_object(Hash.new(0)){ |v,h| h[v] += 1 }

    a = a.each_with_object([]) do |v, arr| 
        arr << v if b[v] < 1
        b[v] -= 1
    end
end

arr_sub([1,2,3,3],[1,2,3]) # a => [3]
arr_sub([1,2,3,3,4,4,4],[1,2,3,4,4]) # => [3, 4]
arr_sub([4,4,4,5,5,5,5],[4,4,5,5,5,5,6,6]) # => [4]

Answer 3

I am so glad you asked. I would like to see such a method added to the class Array in some future version of Ruby, as I have found many uses for it:

class Array
  def difference(other)
    h = other.each_with_object(Hash.new(0)) { |e,h| h[e] += 1 }
    reject { |e| h[e] > 0 && h[e] -= 1 }
  end
end

A description of the method and links to some of its applications are given here.

By way of example:

a = [1,2,3,4,3,2,4,2]
b = [2,3,4,4,4]

a - b          #=> [1]
a.difference b #=> [1,2,3,2]

Ruby v2.7 gave us the method Enumerable#tally, allowing us to replace the first line of the method with

h = other.tally