So I took the SOAP example at Working Soap client example , put it into a file SOAPClientSAAJ.java, and tried compiling it (Openjdk 9 on Debian):
This is a result of the new Java 9 modules. The javax.xml.soap package is actually a Java EE package, and so now isn't visible. The current workaround is to either use the --add-modules, as you've done, or to modularize your code.
Modularizing your code requires restructuring it into modules, and including a module-info.java file that specifies the modules you're using. In your case, specifying java.se.ee would give access to all the EE modules.