I have trivial question: I couldn\'t find a dictionary data structure in R, so I used list instead (like \"word\"->number) So, right now I have problem how to get the list o
Yes, the list type is a good approximation. You can use names() on your list to set and retrieve the 'keys':
> foo <- vector(mode="list", length=3)
> names(foo) <- c("tic", "tac", "toe")
> foo[[1]] <- 12; foo[[2]] <- 22; foo[[3]] <- 33
> foo
$tic
[1] 12
$tac
[1] 22
$toe
[1] 33
> names(foo)
[1] "tic" "tac" "toe"
>