You might want to look into JupyterLab (the next generation of Jupyter Notbooks): https://github.com/jupyter/jupyterlab.
JupyterLab aims to create a more desktop-like experience on the Web.
Update:
As of March 2018 JupyterLab is in beta. "The beta releases are suitable for general usage. For JupyterLab extension developers, the extension APIs will continue to evolve until the 1.0 release. Eventually, JupyterLab will replace the classic Jupyter Notebook after JupyterLab reaches 1.0."
To run Jupyter Lab as a Desktop Application, see christopherroach.com/articles/jupyterlab-desktop-app (Thanks to PatrickT).
Here's a quick preview:
You can arrange a notebook next to a graphical console atop a terminal that is monitoring the system, while keeping the file manager on the left:
For more details see: https://blog.jupyter.org/2016/07/14/jupyter-lab-alpha/ and here: http://www.techatbloomberg.com/blog/inside-the-collaboration-that-built-the-open-source-jupyterlab-project/.