I followed all steps as given in the Push Notifications training module, as well as in this Stack Overflow question: IBM Worklight - Push Notifications feature does not work
I have successfully used the Push Notifications sample application on an AVD running Android 4.3.
Worklight setup:
API Key and senderId in application-descriptor.xml with the API Key and Project Number from the Google GCM console
Added android:targetSdkVersion="18" in yourApp\android\native\AndroidManifest.xml in the line:
<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" android:targetSdkVersion="18" />
Built and deployed the app and adapter
Android 4.3AVD setup:
Extras section both the Google Cloud Messaging for Android Library as well as Google Play servicesMake sure to use this Google API as the Target for your AVD:

After that I have:
Run As > Invoke Worklight Procedure"idan","test message"The notification was received in the AVD both when the app is open (the expected alerts were displayed) as well as closed (notification was displayed in the notification bar. Tapping it opened the app and after logging in the expected alerts were displayed).