I would like to have information about the icons which are displayed alongside the site URLs on a web browser. Is this some browser specific feature? Where do we specify the
I believe you're referring to the Favicon, which allows a website to specify a 16x16 (or larger) image which is displayed in the address bar next to the URL in most modern browsers.
Some browsers just pick the file called favicon.ico which is in the root of your web folder, whereas others require it to be specified in the <head>
of the HTML using the following code,
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" />
This was originally the way it was done with IE, but that doesn't conform to standards (because of the space in the rel), so most browsers now let you do it as follows, where you can use any standard image format, not just .ico
<link rel="icon" href="favicon.png" type="image/png" />
They're favicons. Browsers look at / on a server for favicon.ico
It was originally a windows icon format file, stored under the URL http://site/favicon.ico. Most sites still use favicon.ico, and many browsers still automatically look there, regardless of the meta tags.