How do you grant read/select access on all functions and views to an arbitrary user?
I use psql --user=postgres -d mydb -f myview.sql to create several
The reason is that you need additional privileges to access a view or table. Privileges on the database do not cover access to all objects in it.
It is different with functions: EXECUTE privilege is granted to public by default. But the function is executed with the privileges of the current user. You may be interested in the SECURITY DEFINER modifier for CREATE FUNCTION. But normally it is enough to grant SELECT on involved tables.
Per documentation about default privileges:
Depending on the type of object, the initial default privileges might include granting some privileges to
PUBLIC. The default is no public access for tables, columns, schemas, and tablespaces;CONNECTprivilege andTEMPtable creation privilege for databases;EXECUTEprivilege for functions; andUSAGEprivilege for languages.
You may be interested in this DDL command (requires Postgres 9.0 or later):
GRANT SELECT ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA public TO myuser;
While connected to the database in question, of course (see @marcel's comment below), and as a user with sufficient privileges. You may also be interested in the setting DEFAULT PRIVILEGES:
More detailed answer how to manage privileges:
pgAdmin has a feature for more sophisticated bulk operations:

Or you can query the system catalogs to create DDL statements for bulk granting / revoking ...