This seems so simple I must be over-thinking it.
TL;DR;
How can I modify the code below to return the json object contained in the string
The whole point of the Json() helper method is to serialize as JSON.
Json()
If you want to return raw content, do that directly:
return Content(jsonString, "application/json");
public ActionResult Test() { return Json(new { success = true }, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet); }