Code Golf: Lasers

Answer 1

Groovy @ 279 characers

m=/[<>^v]/
i={'><v^'.indexOf(it)}
n=['<':{y--},'>':{y++},'^':{x--},'v':{x++}]
a=['x':{1},'\\':{'v^><'[i(d)]},'/':{'^v<>'[i(d)]},'#':{},' ':{d}]
b=[]
System.in.eachLine {b<<it.inject([]) {r,c->if(c==~m){x=b.size;y=r.size;d=c};r<<c}}
while(d==~m){n[d]();d=a[b[x][y]]()}
println !!d

Answer 2

Haskell, 395 391 383 361 339 characters (optimized)

Still uses a generic state machine, rather than anything clever:

k="<>^v"
o(Just x)=x
s y(h:t)=case b of{[]->s(y+1)t;(c:_)->(c,length a,y)}where(a,b)=break(flip elem k)h
r a = f$s 0 a where f(c,x,y)=case i(a!!v!!u)"x /\\"["true",g k,g"v^><",g"^v<>"]of{Just r->r;_->"false"}where{i x y=lookup x.zip y;j=o.i c k;u=j[x-1,x+1,x,x];v=j[y,y,y-1,y+1];g t=f(j t,u,v)}
main=do{z<-getContents;putStrLn$r$lines z}

A readable version:

k="<>^v"    -- "key" for direction
o(Just x)=x -- "only" handle successful search
s y(h:t)=case b of  -- find "start" state
  []->s(y+1)t
  (c:_)->(c,length a,y)
 where (a,b)=break(flip elem k)h
r a = f$s 0 a where -- "run" the state machine (iterate with f)
 f(c,x,y)=case i(a!!v!!u)"x /\\"["true",g k,g"v^><",g"^v<>"] of
   Just r->r
   _->"false"
  where
   i x y=lookup x.zip y -- "index" with x using y as key
   j=o.i c k -- use c as index k as key; assume success
   u=j[x-1,x+1,x,x] -- new x coord
   v=j[y,y,y-1,y+1] -- new y coord
   g t=f(j t,u,v) -- recurse; use t for new direction
main=do
 z<-getContents
 putStrLn$r$lines z

Answer 3

C#

1020 characters.
1088 characters (added input from console).
925 characters (refactored variables).
875 characters (removed redundant Dictionary initializer; changed to Binary & operators)

Made a Point not to look at anyone else's before posting. I'm sure it could be LINQ'd up a bit. And the whole FindLaser method in the readable version seems awfully fishy to me. But, it works and it's late :)

Note the readable class includes an additional method that prints out the current Arena as the laser moves around.

class L{static void Main(){
A=new Dictionary<Point,string>();
var l=Console.ReadLine();int y=0;
while(l!=""){var a=l.ToCharArray();
for(int x=0;x<a.Count();x++)
A.Add(new Point(x,y),l[x].ToString());
y++;l=Console.ReadLine();}new L();}
static Dictionary<Point,string>A;Point P,O,N,S,W,E;
public L(){N=S=W=E=new Point(0,-1);S.Offset(0,2);
W.Offset(-1,1);E.Offset(1,1);D();
Console.WriteLine(F());}bool F(){
var l=A[P];int m=O.X,n=O.Y,o=P.X,p=P.Y;
bool x=o==m,y=p==n,a=x&p<n,b=x&p>n,c=y&o>m,d=y&o<m;
if(l=="\\"){if(a)T(W);if(b)T(E);if(c)T(S);
if(d)T(N);if(F())return true;}
if(l=="/"){if(a)T(E);if(b)T(W);if(c)T(N);
if(d)T(S);if(F())return true;}return l=="x";}
void T(Point p){O=P;do P.Offset(p);
while(!("\\,/,#,x".Split(',')).Contains(A[P]));}
void D(){P=A.Where(x=>("^,v,>,<".Split(',')).
Contains(x.Value)).First().Key;var c=A[P];
if(c=="^")T(N);if(c=="v")T(S);if(c=="<")T(W);
if(c==">")T(E);}}

Readable Version (not quite the final golf version, but same premise):

class Laser
{
    private Dictionary<Point, string> Arena;
    private readonly List<string> LaserChars;
    private readonly List<string> OtherChars;

    private Point Position;
    private Point OldPosition;
    private readonly Point North;
    private readonly Point South;
    private readonly Point West;
    private readonly Point East;

    public Laser( List<string> arena )
    {
        SplitArena( arena );
        LaserChars = new List<string> { "^", "v", ">", "<" };
        OtherChars = new List<string> { "\\", "/", "#", "x" };
        North = new Point( 0, -1 );
        South = new Point( 0, 1 );
        West = new Point( -1, 0 );
        East = new Point( 1, 0 );
        FindLaser();
        Console.WriteLine( FindTarget() );
    }

    private void SplitArena( List<string> arena )
    {
        Arena = new Dictionary<Point, string>();
        int y = 0;
        foreach( string str in arena )
        {
            var line = str.ToCharArray();
            for( int x = 0; x < line.Count(); x++ )
            {
                Arena.Add( new Point( x, y ), line[x].ToString() );
            }
            y++;
        }
    }

    private void DrawArena()
    {
        Console.Clear();
        var d = new Dictionary<Point, string>( Arena );

        d[Position] = "*";
        foreach( KeyValuePair<Point, string> p in d )
        {
            if( p.Key.X == 0 )
                Console.WriteLine();

            Console.Write( p.Value );
        }
        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep( 400 );
    }

    private bool FindTarget()
    {
        DrawArena();

        string chr = Arena[Position];

        switch( chr )
        {
            case "\\":
                if( ( Position.X == Position.X ) && ( Position.Y < OldPosition.Y ) )
                {
                    OffSet( West );
                }
                else if( ( Position.X == Position.X ) && ( Position.Y > OldPosition.Y ) )
                {
                    OffSet( East );
                }
                else if( ( Position.Y == Position.Y ) && ( Position.X > OldPosition.X ) )
                {
                    OffSet( South );
                }
                else
                {
                    OffSet( North );
                }
                if( FindTarget() )
                {
                    return true;
                }
                break;
            case "/":
                if( ( Position.X == Position.X ) && ( Position.Y < OldPosition.Y ) )
                {
                    OffSet( East );
                }
                else if( ( Position.X == Position.X ) && ( Position.Y > OldPosition.Y ) )
                {
                    OffSet( West );
                }
                else if( ( Position.Y == Position.Y ) && ( Position.X > OldPosition.X ) )
                {
                    OffSet( North );
                }
                else
                {
                    OffSet( South );
                }
                if( FindTarget() )
                {
                    return true;
                }
                break;
            case "x":
                return true;
            case "#":
                return false;
        }
        return false;
    }

    private void OffSet( Point p )
    {
        OldPosition = Position;
        do
        {
            Position.Offset( p );
        } while( !OtherChars.Contains( Arena[Position] ) );
    }

    private void FindLaser()
    {
        Position = Arena.Where( x => LaserChars.Contains( x.Value ) ).First().Key;

        switch( Arena[Position] )
        {
            case "^":
                OffSet( North );
                break;
            case "v":
                OffSet( South );
                break;
            case "<":
                OffSet( West );
                break;
            case ">":
                OffSet( East );
                break;
        }
    }
}

Answer 4

Perl 219
My perl version is 392 342 characters long (I had to handle the case of the beam hitting the laser):
Update, thanks Hobbs for reminding me of tr//, it's now 250 characters:
Update, removing the m in m//, changing the two while loops brought a few savings; there's now only one space required.
(L:it;goto L is the same length as do{it;redo}):

@b=map{($y,$x,$s)=($a,$-[0],$&)if/[<>^v]/;$a++;[split//]}<>;L:$_=$s;$x++if/>/;
$x--if/</;$y++if/v/;$y--if/\^/;$_=$b[$y][$x];die"true\n"if/x/;die"false\n"if
/[<>^v#]/;$s=~tr/<>^v/^v<>/if/\\/;$s=~tr/<>^v/v^></if/\//;goto L

I shaved some, but it barelyjust competes with some of these, albeit late.
It looks a little better as:

#!/usr/bin/perl
@b = map {
    ($y, $x, $s) = ($a, $-[0], $&) if /[<>^v]/;
    $a++;
    [split//]
} <>;
L:
    $_ = $s;
    $x++ if />/;
    $x-- if /</;
    $y++ if /v/;
    $y-- if /\^/;
    $_ = $b[$y][$x];
    die "true\n"  if /x/;
    die "false\n" if /[<>^v#]/;
    $s =~ tr/<>^v/^v<>/ if /\\/;
    $s =~ tr/<>^v/v^></ if /\//;
goto L

Well... Honestly this should be self explanatory if you understand that the @b is an array arrays of characters in each line, and can read the simple regexp and tr statements.

Answer 5

JavaScript - 265 Characters

Update IV - Odds are this will be the last round of updates, managed to save a couple more characters by switching to a do-while loop and rewriting the movement equation.

Update III - Thanks to the suggestion by strager in regards to removing Math.abs() and putting the variables in the global name space, that coupled with some rearranging of the variable assignments got the code down to 282 characters.

Update II - Some more updates to the code to remove the use of != -1 as well as some better use of variables for longer operations.

Update - When through and made some changes by creating a reference to the indexOf function (thanks LiraNuna!) and removing parenthesis that were not needed.

This is my first time doing a code golf so I'm not sure how much better this could be, any feed back is appreciated.

Fully minimized version:

a;b;c;d;e;function f(g){a=function(a){return g.indexOf(a)};b=a("\n")+1;a=g[c=e=a("v")>0?e:e=a("^")>0?e:e=a("<")>0?e:a(">")];d=a=="<"?-1:a==">"?1:a=="^"?-b:b;do{e=d==-1|d==1;a=g[c+=d=a=="\\"?e?b*d:d>0?1:-1:a=="/"?e?-b*d:d>0?1:-1:d];e=a=="x"}while(a!="#"^e);return e}

Original version with comments:

character; length; loc; movement; temp;
function checkMaze(maze) {
        // Use a shorter indexOf function
        character = function(string) { return maze.indexOf(string); }
        // Get the length of the maze
        length = character("\n") + 1;
        // Get the location of the laser in the string
        character = maze[loc = temp = character("v") > 0 ? temp :
                               temp = character("^") > 0 ? temp :
                               temp = character("<") > 0 ? temp : character(">")];
        // Get the intial direction that we should travel
        movement = character == "<" ? -1 :
                   character == ">" ? 1 :
                   character == "^" ? -length : length;
        // Move along until we reach the end
        do {
            // Get the current character
            temp = movement == -1 | movement == 1;
            character = maze[loc += movement = character == "\\" ? temp ? length * movement : movement > 0 ? 1 : -1 :
                                               character == "/" ? temp ? -length * movement : movement > 0 ? 1 : -1 : movement];                                   
            // Have we hit a target?
            temp = character == "x";
            // Have we hit a wall?
        } while (character != "#" ^ temp);
        // temp will be false if we hit the target
        return temp;
    }

Web page to test with:

<html>
  <head>
    <title>Code Golf - Lasers</title>
    <script type="text/javascript">
    a;b;c;d;e;function f(g){a=function(a){return g.indexOf(a)};b=a("\n")+1;a=g[c=e=a("v")>0?e:e=a("^")>0?e:e=a("<")>0?e:a(">")];d=a=="<"?-1:a==">"?1:a=="^"?-b:b;do{e=d==-1|d==1;a=g[c+=d=a=="\\"?e?b*d:d>0?1:-1:a=="/"?e?-b*d:d>0?1:-1:d];e=a=="x"}while(a!="#"^e);return e}
    </script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <textarea id="maze" rows="10" cols="10"></textarea>
    <button id="checkMaze" onclick="alert(f(document.getElementById('maze').value))">Maze</button>
  </body>
</html>

Answer 6

c (K&R) 339 necessary characters after more suggestions from strager.

The physicist in me noted that the propagation and reflection operations are time-reversal invariant, so this version, throws rays from the target and checks to see if the arrive at the laser emitter.

The rest of the implementation is very straight forward and is taken more or less exactly from my earlier, forward going effort.

Compressed:

#define R return
#define C case
#define Z x,y
int c,i,j,m[99][99],Z;s(d,e,Z){for(;;)switch(m[x+=d][y+=e]){C'^':R 1==e;
C'>':R-1==d;C'v':R-1==e;C'<':R 1==d;C'#':C'x':R 0;C 92:e=-e;d=-d;C'/':c=d;
d=-e;e=-c;}}main(){while((c=getchar())>0)c==10?i=0,j++:(c==120?x=i,y=j:
i,m[i++][j]=c);puts(s(1,0,Z)|s(0,1,Z)|s(-1,0,Z)|s(0,-1,Z)?"true":"false");}

Uncompressed(ish):

#define R return
#define C case
#define Z x,y
int c,i,j,m[99][99],Z;
s(d,e,Z)
{
  for(;;)
    switch(m[x+=d][y+=e]){
    C'^': 
      R 1==e;
    C'>': 
      R-1==d;
    C'v': 
      R-1==e;
    C'<': 
      R 1==d;
    C'#':
    C'x':
      R 0;
    C 92:
      e=-e;
      d=-d;
    C'/':
      c=d;
      d=-e;
      e=-c;
    }
}
main(){
  while((c=getchar())>0)
    c==10?i=0,j++:
      (c==120?x=i,y=j:i,m[i++][j]=c);
  puts(s(1,0,Z)|s(0,1,Z)|s(-1,0,Z)|s(0,-1,Z)?"true":"false");
}

There is no input validation, and bad input can send it into an infinite loop. Works properly with input no larger than 99 by 99. Requires a compiler that will link the standard library without including any of the headers. And I think I'm done, strager has me beat by a considerable stretch, even with his help.

I'm rather hoping someone will demonstrate a more subtle way to accomplish the task. There s nothing wrong with this, but it is not deep magic.