Char array in a struct - incompatible assignment? [duplicate]

Answer 1

You can also initialise it like this:

struct name sara = { "Sara", "Black" };

Since (as a special case) you're allowed to initialise char arrays from string constants.

Now, as for what a struct actually is - it's a compound type composed of other values. What sara actually looks like in memory is a block of 20 consecutive char values (which can be referred to using sara.first, followed by 0 or more padding bytes, followed by another block of 20 consecutive char values (which can be referred to using sara.last). All other instances of the struct name type are laid out in the same way.

In this case, it is very unlikely that there is any padding, so a struct name is just a block of 40 characters, for which you have a name for the first 20 and the last 20.

You can find out how big a block of memory a struct name takes using sizeof(struct name), and you can find out where within that block of memory each member of the structure is placed at using offsetof(struct name, first) and offsetof(struct name, last).

Answer 2

You can use strcpy to populate it. You can also initialize it from another struct.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

struct name {
    char first[20];
    char last[20];
};

int main() {
    struct name sara;
    struct name other;

    strcpy(sara.first,"Sara");
    strcpy(sara.last, "Black");

    other = sara;

    printf("struct: %s\t%s\n", sara.first, sara.last);
    printf("other struct: %s\t%s\n", other.first, other.last);

}