Consider the following simplified HTML and jQuery code:
10
You need to select option either by [value=1] or give it a class .default for example.
option
[value=1]
.default
$('#select_id').val(1);
And then refresh .selectmenu('refresh') for re-enhancement.
.selectmenu('refresh')
$('#select_id').selectmenu('refresh');
Demo 1 - Demo 2