Is & faster than % when checking for odd numbers?

Question

To check for odd and even integer, is the lowest bit checking more efficient than using the modulo?

>>> def isodd(num):
        return num & 1 a         


        

Answer 1

Apart from the evil optimization, it takes away the very idiomatic "var % 2 == 0" that every coder understands without looking twice. So this is violates pythons zen as well for very little gain.

Furthermore a = b and True or False has been superseded for better readability by

return True if num & 1 else False

Answer 2

Yep. The timeit module in the standard library is how you check on those things. E.g:

AmAir:stko aleax$ python -mtimeit -s'def isodd(x): x & 1' 'isodd(9)'
1000000 loops, best of 3: 0.446 usec per loop
AmAir:stko aleax$ python -mtimeit -s'def isodd(x): x & 1' 'isodd(10)'
1000000 loops, best of 3: 0.443 usec per loop
AmAir:stko aleax$ python -mtimeit -s'def isodd(x): x % 2' 'isodd(10)'
1000000 loops, best of 3: 0.453 usec per loop
AmAir:stko aleax$ python -mtimeit -s'def isodd(x): x % 2' 'isodd(9)'
1000000 loops, best of 3: 0.461 usec per loop

As you see, on my (first-day==old==slow;-) Macbook Air, the & solution is repeatably between 7 and 18 nanoseconds faster than the % solution.

timeit not only tells you what's faster, but by how much (just run the tests a few times), which usually shows how supremely UNimportant it is (do you really care about 10 nanoseconds' difference, when the overhead of calling the function is around 400?!-)...

Convincing programmers that micro-optimizations are essentially irrelevant has proven to be an impossible task -- even though it's been 35 years (over which computers have gotten orders of magnitude faster!) since Knuth wrote

We should forget about small efficiencies, say about 97% of the time: premature optimization is the root of all evil.

which as he explained is a quote from an even older statement from Hoare. I guess everybody's totally convinced that THEIR case falls in the remaining 3%!

So instead of endlessly repeating "it doesn't matter", we (Tim Peters in particular deserves the honors there) put in the standard Python library module timeit, that makes it trivially easy to measure such micro-benchmarks and thereby lets at least some programmers convince themselves that, hmmm, this case DOES fall in the 97% group!-)