String to enum in C++

Question

Is there a way to associate a string from a text file with an enum value?

The problem is: I have a few enum values stored as string in a text file which I read on

Answer 1

Using a std::map raises the question: how does the map get initialised? I would rather use a function:

enum E { A, B };

E f( const std::string & s ) {
   if ( s == "A" ) {
      return A;
    }
    else if ( s == "B" ) {
      return B;
    }
    else {
      throw "Your exception here";
    }
}

Answer 2

Parse the string yourself, match the string with a value (which is also an index to a map<string, enum>.

Answer 3

std::map< string, enumType> enumResolver;

Answer 4

I agree with many of the answers that std::map is the easiest solution.

If you need something faster, you can use a hash map. Perhaps your compiler already offers one, such as hash_map or the upcoming standard unordered_map, or you can get one from boost. When all the strings are known ahead of time, perfect hashing can be used as well.

Answer 5

You can set up a map that you can use over and over:

template <typename T>
class EnumParser
{
    map <string, T> enumMap;
public:
    EnumParser(){};

    T ParseSomeEnum(const string &value)
    { 
        map <string, T>::const_iterator iValue = enumMap.find(value);
        if (iValue  == enumMap.end())
            throw runtime_error("");
        return iValue->second;
    }
};

enum SomeEnum
{
    Value1,
    Value2
};
EnumParser<SomeEnum>::EnumParser()
{
    enumMap["Value1"] = Value1;
    enumMap["Value2"] = Value2;
}

enum OtherEnum
{
    Value3, 
    Value4
};
EnumParser<OtherEnum>::EnumParser()
{
    enumMap["Value3"] = Value3;
    enumMap["Value4"] = Value4;
}

int main()
{
    EnumParser<SomeEnum> parser;
    cout << parser.ParseSomeEnum("Value2");
}

Answer 6

Look at Boost.Bimap, it provides bidirectional associations between two sets of values. You can also choose the underlying container.