Is this a monad?

Question

I\'m trying to understand the concept of monads and I want to know if this code is an implementation of this concept (in JavaScript).

I have function M which return new

Answer 1

Mutability aside; to my understanding, what you have written is closer to an applicative functor than either a monad, or a monoid.

Again, to my understanding, a monoid is a Group (in the abstract algebraic sense) closed under a single operation mapping a single type unto itself. If you had only implemented add then you might say that your prototype chain implemented a monoid. But even then, you would have to specify the reduction yourself, by hand, as a binary operation, between each, and every argument, like so:

M({x:0}).add(1).add(2)...add(100) === 1050; // or _.reduce([1..100],add)

But since you have bound an indeterminate number of functions to a type (M), which all know how to 'unwrap' that type, apply the intended function, then restore the 'wrapper' on exit, then you have a sort of applicative functor.

If you had found some way to compose the scopes of all functions operating on M, then you would be closer still to a monadic implementation:

var bigOpFromLittleOps = 
       M({x:0})  .bind(function(x0){
return Madd(1)   .bind(function(x1){
return Madd(2)   .bind(function(x2){
...
return Madd(100) .bind(function(x100){
return Mreturn(x100);
}); ... });});})() === 1050; // Overkill

Such implementations are tricky, but give you the ability to slice and dice them into little pieces, and/or compose larger ones from smaller ones.

Answer 2

This is a monoid pattern. Each state-updating operation, such as .setX(10), .addX(20), and so forth, is a computation that transforms one object. (To be syntactically valid, you would have to write it as a one-parameter function function(x) {x.addX(20);}, but I think it's clearer if I use the short form.)

Two things make this a monoid. First, there is an identity element: .addX(0) does nothing to its object. Second, any two operations can be combined. For example, .setX(10).addX(20) is also a computation that transforms one object.

It is not a monad. The computations supported by your methods are limited to writing and updating this.x. (.getX() is not a member of the monoid because you can't chain anything after it). For example, with a monad you can have one member of a chain of operations execute an if-then-else to decide what comes next in the chain. Your methods can't do that.