MySQL : transaction within a stored procedure

Question

The basic structure of my stored procedure is,

BEGIN

    .. Declare statements ..

    START TRANSACTION;

        .. Query 1 ..
        .. Query 2 ..
              


        

Answer 1

Just an alternative to the code by rkosegi,

BEGIN

    .. Declare statements ..

    DECLARE EXIT HANDLER FOR SQLEXCEPTION 
    BEGIN
          .. set any flags etc  eg. SET @flag = 0; ..
          ROLLBACK;
    END;

    START TRANSACTION;

        .. Query 1 ..
        .. Query 2 ..
        .. Query 3 ..

    COMMIT;
    .. eg. SET @flag = 1; ..

END

Answer 2

Here's an example of a transaction that will rollback on error and return the error code.

DELIMITER $$
CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` PROCEDURE `SP_CREATE_SERVER_USER`(
    IN P_server_id VARCHAR(100),
    IN P_db_user_pw_creds VARCHAR(32),
    IN p_premium_status_name VARCHAR(100),
    IN P_premium_status_limit INT,
    IN P_user_tag VARCHAR(255),
    IN P_first_name VARCHAR(50),
    IN P_last_name VARCHAR(50)
)
BEGIN

    DECLARE errno INT;
    DECLARE EXIT HANDLER FOR SQLEXCEPTION
    BEGIN
    GET CURRENT DIAGNOSTICS CONDITION 1 errno = MYSQL_ERRNO;
    SELECT errno AS MYSQL_ERROR;
    ROLLBACK;
    END;

    START TRANSACTION;

    INSERT INTO server_users(server_id, db_user_pw_creds, premium_status_name, premium_status_limit)
    VALUES(P_server_id, P_db_user_pw_creds, P_premium_status_name, P_premium_status_limit);

    INSERT INTO client_users(user_id, server_id, user_tag, first_name, last_name, lat, lng)
    VALUES(P_server_id, P_server_id, P_user_tag, P_first_name, P_last_name, 0, 0);

    COMMIT WORK;

END$$
DELIMITER ;

This is assuming that autocommit is set to 0. Hope this helps.

Answer 3

This is just an explanation not addressed in other answers

At least in recent versions of Mysql, your first query is not committed.

If you query it under the same session you will see the changes, but if you query it from a different session, the changes are not there, they are not committed.

What's going on?

When you open a transaction, and a query inside it fails, the transaction keeps open, it does not commit nor rollback the changes.

So BE CAREFUL, any table/row that was locked with a previous query likeSELECT ... FOR SHARE/UPDATE, UPDATE, INSERT or any other locking-query, keeps locked until that session is killed (and executes a rollback), or until a subsequent query commits it explicitly (COMMIT) or implicitly, thus making the partial changes permanent (which might happen hours later, while the transaction was in a waiting state).

That's why the solution involves declaring handlers to immediately ROLLBACK when an error happens.

Extra

Inside the handler you can also re-raise the error using RESIGNAL, otherwise the stored procedure executes "Successfully"

BEGIN
    DECLARE EXIT HANDLER FOR SQLEXCEPTION 
        BEGIN
            ROLLBACK;
            RESIGNAL;
        END;

    START TRANSACTION;
        #.. Query 1 ..
        #.. Query 2 ..
        #.. Query 3 ..
    COMMIT;
END

Answer 4

Take a look at http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/declare-handler.html

Basically you declare error handler which will call rollback

START TRANSACTION;

DECLARE EXIT HANDLER FOR SQLEXCEPTION 
    BEGIN
        ROLLBACK;
        EXIT PROCEDURE;
    END;
COMMIT;