How to grep and replace

Question

I need to recursively search for a specified string within all files and subdirectories within a directory and replace this string with another string.

I know that t

Answer 1

This works best for me on OS X:

grep -r -l 'searchtext' . | sort | uniq | xargs perl -e "s/matchtext/replacetext/" -pi

Source: http://www.praj.com.au/post/23691181208/grep-replace-text-string-in-files

Answer 2

Other solutions mix regex syntaxes. To use perl/PCRE patterns for both search and replace, and only process matching files, this works quite well:

grep -rlIZPi 'match1' | xargs -0r perl -pi -e 's/match2/replace/gi;'

match1 and match2 are usually identical but match1 can be simplified to remove more advanced features that are only relevant to the substitution, e.g. capturing groups.

Translation: grep recursively and list matching filenames, each separated by nul to protect any special characters; pipe any filenames to xargs which is expecting a nul-separated list; if any filenames are received, pass them to perl to perform the actual substitutions.

For case-sensitive matching, drop the i flag from grep and the i pattern modifier from the s/// expression, but not the i flag from perl itself. Remove the I flag from grep to include binary files.

Answer 3

Be very careful when using find and sed in a git repo! If you don't exclude the binary files you can end up with this error:

error: bad index file sha1 signature 
fatal: index file corrupt

To solve this error you need to revert the sed by replacing your new_string with your old_string. This will revert your replaced strings, so you will be back to the beginning of the problem.

The correct way to search for a string and replace it is to skip find and use grep instead in order to ignore the binary files:

sed -ri -e "s/old_string/new_string/g" $(grep -Elr --binary-files=without-match "old_string" "/files_dir")

Credits for @hobs

Answer 4

Another option is to use find and then pass it through sed.

find /path/to/files -type f -exec sed -i 's/oldstring/new string/g' {} \;

Answer 5

Usually not with grep, but rather with sed -i 's/string_to_find/another_string/g' or perl -i.bak -pe 's/string_to_find/another_string/g'.

Answer 6

Here is what I would do:

find /path/to/dir -type f -iname "*filename*" -print0 | xargs -0 sed -i '/searchstring/s/old/new/g'

this will look for all files containing filename in the file's name under the /path/to/dir, than for every file found, search for the line with searchstring and replace old with new.

Though if you want to omit looking for a specific file with a filename string in the file's name, than simply do:

find /path/to/dir -type f -print0 | xargs -0 sed -i '/searchstring/s/old/new/g'

This will do the same thing above, but to all files found under /path/to/dir.