universal reference vs const reference priority?

Question

When I consider the two following overloads:

template  void f(const T&... x);
template  void f(const T& x);

Answer 1

There is not a universal priority between these two functions. They compete equally in the overload resolution algorithm. In general the so-called "universal reference" wins unless const T& is an exact match, and there the const T& wins.

struct A {};

int
main()
{
    f(std::declval<A>());  // calls f<A>(A&&), #1
    f(std::declval<const A>());  // calls f<const A>(const A&&), #1
    f(std::declval<A&>());  // calls f<A&>(A&), #1
    f(std::declval<A&&>());  // calls f<A>(A&&), #1
    f(std::declval<const A&&>());  // calls f<const A>(const A&&), #1
    f(std::declval<const A&>());  // calls f<A>(const A&), #2
}

Good advice is to never overload like this.