I need to loop through some elements in the page and then, for each one, if it had a class beginning with, for example, \"C\", do something.
$(\'#dialog li\').e
I don't think that there is a built-in selector to test for classes starting with a string.
There is a selector to test if an attribute starts with a string, so if you know that your elements only have one class (or always start with the class in question), you could do:
$(this).is("class^='C'")
If, however, you can't guarantee either of the above conditions, you would have to manually split out and test each class defined on the element, as described here.