Is there a Hive query to quickly find table size (i.e. number of rows) without launching a time-consuming MapReduce job? (Which is why I want to avoid COUNT(*).)
COUNT(*)
tblproperties will give the size of the table and can be used to grab just that value if needed.
-- gives all properties show tblproperties yourTableName -- show just the raw data size show tblproperties yourTableName("rawDataSize")