In official docs we can see:
# docker build github.com/creack/docker-firefox
It just works fine to me. docker-firefox is a reposit
The thing you specified as repo URL is not a valid git repository. You will get error when you will try
git clone github.com/docker-library/redis/tree/99c172e82ed81af441e13dd48dda2729e19493bc/2.8.10
Valid URL for this repo is github.com/docker-library/redis. So you may want to try following:
docker build github.com/docker-library/redis
But this will not work too. To build from github, docker requires Dockerfile in repository root, howerer, this repo doesn't provide this one. So, I suggest, you only have to clone this repo and build image using local Dockerfile.