Is there any easy (scriptable) way to convert a PDF with vector images into a PDF with raster images? In other words, I want to generate a PDF with the exact same (un-rasterized
It's a little complicated, but you asked for any possible solution. Furthermore this solution is not automatable.
1) Open the pdf with the vector images in Inkscape. Then select the whole image with the select tool (F1)
2) If the vector image is consistant of more than one svg graphic press Ctrl + G (Object --> Group)
3) cut the grouped svg image Ctrl + x
4) open a new InkScape Window Ctrl + n and paste the image Ctrl + v
5) choose File --> export Bitmap (Shift + Ctrl + e), maybe you want to increase the dpi
6) go back to the first InkScape window, File --> import (Ctrl + i) and choose the previously exported bitmap
7) place the bitmap to the location where the svg image was
Save the pdf and the vector image is replaced by a bitmap image.