This question looks hard if a small trick does not come to the mind :). I found this trick in this document of codility : https://codility.com/media/train/6-Leader.pdf.
The linear solution is explained at the bottom of this document.
I implemented the following java program which gave me a score of 100 on the same lines.
public int solution(int[] A) {
Stack stack = new Stack();
for (int i =0; i < A.length; i++)
{
if (stack.empty())
stack.push(new Integer(A[i]));
else
{
int topElem = stack.peek().intValue();
if (topElem == A[i])
{
stack.push(new Integer(A[i]));
}
else
{
stack.pop();
}
}
}
if (stack.empty())
return -1;
int elem = stack.peek().intValue();
int count = 0;
int index = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < A.length; i++)
{
if (elem == A[i])
{
count++;
index = i;
}
}
if (count > ((double)A.length/2.0))
return index;
else
return -1;
}