According to You cannot delete a file or a folder on an NTFS file system volume (requires JavaScript to display), the following should work (notice it uses a UNC path).
rd "\\?\C:\holds bad subdir\20120530-04 "
Be sure to do this with cmd.exe. It does not seem to work with PowerShell's Remove-Item (rd).
Also see:
- How to delete a folder containing trailing spaces
- Rename/delete Windows (x64) folder with leading and trailing space.