I understand that abstraction is about taking something more concrete and making it more abstract. That something may be either a data structure or a procedure. For example:
Not addressing credible / official source: an example in Scala
Having "Abstraction"
trait AbstractContainer[E] { val value: E }
object StringContainer extends AbstractContainer[String] {
val value: String = "Unflexible"
}
class IntContainer(val value: Int = 6) extends AbstractContainer[Int]
val stringContainer = new AbstractContainer[String] {
val value = "Any string"
}
and "Generalization"
def specialized(c: StringContainer.type) =
println("It's a StringContainer: " + c.value)
def slightlyGeneralized(s: AbstractContainer[String]) =
println("It's a String container: " + s.value)
import scala.reflect.{ classTag, ClassTag }
def generalized[E: ClassTag](a: AbstractContainer[E]) =
println(s"It's a ${classTag[E].toString()} container: ${a.value}")
import scala.language.reflectiveCalls
def evenMoreGeneral(d: { def detail: Any }) =
println("It's something detailed: " + d.detail)
executing
specialized(StringContainer)
slightlyGeneralized(stringContainer)
generalized(new IntContainer(12))
evenMoreGeneral(new { val detail = 3.141 })
leads to
It's a StringContainer: Unflexible
It's a String container: Any string
It's a Int container: 12
It's something detailed: 3.141