How do you convert all text in Vim to lowercase? Is it even possible?
Usually Vu (or VU for uppercase) is enough to turn the whole line into lowercase as V already selects the whole line to apply the action against.
Tilda (~) changes the case of the individual letter, resulting in camel case or the similar.
It is really great how Vim has many many different modes to deal with various occasions and how those modes are neatly organized.
For instance, v - the true visual mode, and the related V - visual line, and Ctrl+Q - visual block modes (what allows you to select blocks, a great feature some other advanced editors also offer usually by holding the Alt key and selecting the text).