I have some trouble trying to check if user information is stored already in the FireBase database. Basically I\'m trying to do something stupid like this: \"select user_name fr
As others have commented, data is loaded from Firebase asynchronously. By the time you check isFirstTime, the data hasn't been loaded yet, onDataChange hasn't been run yet, so ifFirstTime will have its default value (false for a boolean).
All code that requires data from the database should be inside onDataChange (or invoked from within there). The simplest fix for your code is:
databaseReference = FirebaseDatabase.getInstance().getReference();
DatabaseReference dbRefFirstTimeCheck = databaseReference.child("User").child(user.getUid()).child("Nickname");
dbRefFirstTimeCheck.addListenerForSingleValueEvent(new ValueEventListener() {
    @Override
    public void onDataChange(DataSnapshot dataSnapshot) {
        if(dataSnapshot.exists()) {
            showNewUserBox();
        }
    }
    @Override
    public void onCancelled(DatabaseError databaseError) {
        throw databaseError.toException(); // don't ignore errors
    }
});
Also see some of the many questions about asynchronous loading from Firebase, such as getContactsFromFirebase() method return an empty list (or this quite old classic: Setting Singleton property value in Firebase Listener).