Maybe with some CSS variables. You cannot target elements inside the use but you can rely on inheritance to pass some values.
.icon {
stroke-width: 0;
stroke: currentColor;
fill: currentColor;
}
a {
color: red
}
a:hover {
color: pink;
--s1:green;
--s2:blue;
--p1:purple;
--p2:yellow;
}