n dimensional grid in Python / numpy

Question

I have an unknown number n of variables that can range from 0 to 1 with some known step s, with the condition that they sum up to 1. I want to create a

Answer 1

Here is a direct method using itertools.combinations:

>>> import itertools as it
>>> import numpy as np
>>> 
>>> # k is 1/s
>>> n, k = 3, 3
>>> 
>>> combs = np.array((*it.combinations(range(n+k-1), n-1),), int)
>>> (np.diff(np.c_[np.full((len(combs),), -1), combs, np.full((len(combs),), n+k-1)]) - 1) / k
array([[0.        , 0.        , 1.        ],
       [0.        , 0.33333333, 0.66666667],
       [0.        , 0.66666667, 0.33333333],
       [0.        , 1.        , 0.        ],
       [0.33333333, 0.        , 0.66666667],
       [0.33333333, 0.33333333, 0.33333333],
       [0.33333333, 0.66666667, 0.        ],
       [0.66666667, 0.        , 0.33333333],
       [0.66666667, 0.33333333, 0.        ],
       [1.        , 0.        , 0.        ]])

If speed is a concern, itertools.combinations can be replaced by a numpy implementation.