Python - How to generate the Pairwise Hamming Distance Matrix

Question

beginner with Python here. So I\'m having trouble trying to calculate the resulting binary pairwise hammington distance matrix between the rows of an input matrix using only th

Answer 1

For reasons I do not understand this

(2 * np.inner(a-0.5, 0.5-a) + a.shape[1] / 2)

appears to be much faster than @Psidom's for larger arrays:

a = np.random.randint(0,2,(100,1000))
timeit(lambda: (a[:, None, :] != a).sum(2), number=100)
# 2.297890231013298
timeit(lambda: (2 * np.inner(a-0.5, 0.5-a) + a.shape[1] / 2), number=100)
# 0.10616962902713567

Psidom's is a bit faster for the very small example:

a
# array([[1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0],
#        [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
#        [1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0]])

timeit(lambda: (a[:, None, :] != a).sum(2), number=100)
# 0.0004370050155557692
timeit(lambda: (2 * np.inner(a-0.5, 0.5-a) + a.shape[1] / 2), number=100)
# 0.00068191799800843

Update

Part of the reason appears to be floats being faster than other dtypes:

timeit(lambda: (0.5 * np.inner(2*a-1, 1-2*a) + a.shape[1] / 2), number=100)
# 0.7315902590053156
timeit(lambda: (0.5 * np.inner(2.0*a-1, 1-2.0*a) + a.shape[1] / 2), number=100)
# 0.12021801102673635