Why is the output -33 for this code snippet

Question

#include

int main()
{
    int a=32;
    printf(\"%d\\n\", ~a);  //line 2
    return 0;
}

o/p = -33

Actually in the original snippet li

Answer 1

You should print out unsigned integers with the %u specifier:

unsigned int a = 32;
printf("%u\n", ~a);

Printing it out with %d treats it as a signed integer.

You see it as a negative number because the sign bit is set from 0 to 1 through the binary negation.

Printing it out as a hex number doesn't interpret the sign bit, so you see the same result in both cases.