if (File.Exists(@\"C:\\\\Users\" + Environment.UserName + \"\\\\Desktop\\\\test\"))
{ /\\
Having no extension has no bearing on the function. Also, a rename is really just a move "in disguise", so what you want to do is
File.Move(@"C:\Users\Username\Desktop\test", @"C:\Users\Username\Desktop\potato.txt")
Please bear in mind the @ before the string, as you haven't escaped the backslashes.