I have a problem with running JSF 2.0 on AppEngine. I have following index.xhtml and if I deploy it and open the page, there is nothing but the Title
This can happen if the request URL as you've in the browser address bar does not match the URL pattern of the FacesServlet as definied in web.xml. It's the one responsible for parsing the Facelet file, creating the FacesContext and doing all the JSF works.
You have mapped the FacesServlet on /faces/*, so that means that you've to include /faces/ after the context path in the request URL to get it to run. I.e.
http://example.com/contextpath/faces/index.xhtml
Alternatively, you can also change the URL pattern to
*.xhtml
so that all XHTML (Facelet) files will be parsed by FacesServlet anyway.