I am trying to make simple example of vanilla ES import export.
index.js
The simplest would be to remove the export and import expressions since you're already including both files in your html.
const foo = Math.sqrt(2) // mathModule.js
console.log(foo) // main.js
If you are using node or something similar to run the script, maybe you should use a transpiler such as babel. Import and Export are "new" javascript features hence they're not implemented in most browsers