i is assigned at each loop iteration overwriting any changes done to its value.
for i in range(10):
    i += 1
    print(i)
is equivalent to:
 i = 0 # first iiteration
 i += 1
 print(i)
 i = 1 # second iiteration
 i += 1
 print(i)
 i = 2 # third iiteration
 i += 1
 print(i)
 # etc up to i = 9