When I try to use the disable method on a formGroup in my Angular 6 app , I get this error in the browser console :
TypeError: this.personForm.disable
The form object that you have created using template driven approach is of type NgForm and not FormGroup
There is a form attribute inside ngForm object which is actually of type FormGroup.
So you should be doing
this.personForm.form.disable()
EDIT :
You have to move your code to AfterViewChecked life cycle hook event, since your formGroup wont be ready ngAfterViewChecked() is triggered.
ngAfterViewChecked() {
      console.log(this.personForm.form);    
      this.personForm.form.disable(); 
      this.cdr.detectChanges();  
} 
And also postpone the change detection to avoid expression changed error using ChangeDetectorRef.
DEMO