I would like to match any one of these characters: < or > or <= or >= or =.
This one doe
You don't need to escape any of those characters in character class. Apart from that, you need to use quantifiers, to match more than 1 repetition of those characters.
You need this:
[<>=]{1,2}
Note the quantifier, to match 2 repetitions, as required for <= and >=.
Also, note that this will also match - ==, <<. If you strictly want to match just those 4 strings, you can use this regex:
[<>]=?|=
Using ? after = makes it optional. So, first part will match - <, >, <=, and >=. And then we add = using pipe.