How do I insert for example 100 000 rows into MySQL table with a single query?
insert into $table values (1, a, b), (2, c, d), (3, e, f);
That will perform an insertion of 3 rows. Continue as needed to reach 100,000. I do blocks of ~1,000 that way when doing ETL work.
If your data is statically in a file, transforming it and using load data infile will be the best method, but I'm guessing you're asking this because you do something similar.
Also note what somebody else said about the max_allowed_packet size limiting the length of your query.