I have this issue with firefox version 47 https://github.com/seleniumhq/selenium/issues/2110
So, i have tried to add Marionette web driver to fix it: https://develop
In addition to the other two answers, you probably don't want to change the PATH system wide since you need it only when running the tests. A way to have the right PATH only when you need it is to set it in code:
os.environ["PATH"] += os.pathsep + 'path/to/dir/containing/geckodriver/'
A simpler workaround would be to simple move the geckodriver binary to the directory you already have in your path:
mv geckodriver /usr/local/bin