I am trying to draw graphics that is bigger than the JFrame and use JScrollPane to scroll the entire graphics. I created a simple example with two lines. The scroll bars app
The problem comes from the lines
JPanel panel = new JPanel();
panel.add(test);
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(panel);
You are adding test to panel which uses FlowLayout by default. This layout does not strech the components in it, so test on which you draw has dimensions 0x0 and what you see in the scroll pane is the empty panel.
To fix this you can set panel to use BorderLayout which stretches the center component:
JPanel panel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
panel.add(test);
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(panel);
or add test directly to the scroll pane:
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(test);
Additionally:
super.paintComponent(g) as the first line when overriding paintComponent.setPreferredSize remember that if the dimensions are too large they will "flow off" the screen.