I am trying to use the standard AutoSuggestBox in a Windows Phone 8.1 XAML app, but it behaves really strangely.
In a simple demo, I have collection
Based on this blog post, it looks like what you're expecting (automatic filtering) isn't the case - instead, you need to hook into the TextChanged event and populate the Suggestions collection yourself.
From the documentation:
The app is notified when text has been changed by the user and is responsible for providing relevant suggestions for this control to display.