Herb Sutter\'s C++ coding standards says to avoid Premature optimization and Premature pessimization. But I feel both is doing the same th
Defining pass-by-value parameters when pass-by-reference is appropriate
is one of the simplest examples of avoiding premature pessimization. It costs nothing and just becomes second nature, and can save you some performance pitfalls.
Assuming you are referring to this book - C++ Coding Standards: 101 Rules, Guidelines, and Best Practices. October 2004 ISBN: 0321113586 - items 9 and 25 give a few examples: