You will see many sites with the following type of code:
Script elements:
In short, they are not required since HTML5, but are required by W3C standards in HTML4/XHTML.
In HTML5 type of script tag:
type - This attribute identifies the scripting language of code embedded within a script element or referenced via the element’s src attribute. This is specified as a MIME type; examples of supported MIME types include text/javascript, text/ecmascript, application/javascript, and application/ecmascript. If this attribute is absent, the script is treated as JavaScript.
in HTML4 and XHTML it's required by W3C standards.
For style and link type:
In HTML5, the type attribute is no longer required. Default value is "text/css".