Python - get all combinations of a list

Question

I know that I can use itertools.permutation to get all permutation of size r. But, for itertools.permutation([1,2,3,4],3) it will return (1,2,3) as

Answer 1

It sounds like you are actually looking for itertools.combinations():

>>> from itertools import combinations
>>> list(combinations([1, 2, 3, 4], 3))
[(1, 2, 3), (1, 2, 4), (1, 3, 4), (2, 3, 4)]

This example also shows how to convert the result to a regular list, just pass it to the built-in list() function.

To get the combinations for each length you can just use a loop like the following:

>>> data = [1, 2, 3, 4]
>>> for i in range(1, len(data)+1):
...     print list(combinations(data, i))
... 
[(1,), (2,), (3,), (4,)]
[(1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 3), (2, 4), (3, 4)]
[(1, 2, 3), (1, 2, 4), (1, 3, 4), (2, 3, 4)]
[(1, 2, 3, 4)]

Or to get the result as a nested list you can use a list comprehension:

>>> [list(combinations(data, i)) for i in range(1, len(data)+1)]
[[(1,), (2,), (3,), (4,)], [(1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 3), (2, 4), (3, 4)], [(1, 2, 3), (1, 2, 4), (1, 3, 4), (2, 3, 4)], [(1, 2, 3, 4)]]

For a flat list instead of nested:

>>> [c for i in range(1, len(data)+1) for c in combinations(data, i)]
[(1,), (2,), (3,), (4,), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 3), (2, 4), (3, 4), (1, 2, 3), (1, 2, 4), (1, 3, 4), (2, 3, 4), (1, 2, 3, 4)]