try to build matplotlib on fedora-18, build fails with
... png: no [pkg-config information for \'libpng\' could not be found.] ...
Sounds like you don't have libpng-devel installed. This install is not handled by pip, so you'll need to install it yourself.
libpng-devel
You should be able to install it via yum.
yum
sudo yum install libpng-devel
You may also need freetype. Maybe try yum-builddep matplotlib?
freetype
yum-builddep matplotlib