I have a Spring web application with two contexts: one (applicationContext) built by ContextLoaderListener and a second (webContext) b
Try moving the event publisher to the web context file, where it should have visibility over the whole application context. A similar issue occurs when configuring method security in the parent application context. The parent application context (loaded by ContextLoaderListener) isn't aware of the child (web) context.
You can also use a single application context for the entire application if you don't really need the parent-child relationship between the two. Often it just gets in the way and it is easier if all beans were defined in the same space.