I would like to style my mdInput control to have a black box around it:
Try this:
::ng-deep .mat-input-wrapper{
background-color:black;
}
or (depending what you need)
::ng-deep .mat-input-wrapper{
border: 2px solid black;
}
DEMO
encapsulation: ViewEncapsulation.None has it's downside, that it will affect all the classes, you wish it or not. It's still not deprecated and I think it will be just replaced by something else.