Is it somehow possible to set Android to standby-mode programmatically ?
This functionality has been removed since API level 21: https://developer.android.com/sdk/api_diff/21/changes/android.os.PowerManager.html
Like Yury also mentioned, before you were able to call powerManager.goToSleep(time), but you would have needed a rooted device or app would have needed to be signed as a system app to acquire the relevant rights.