Sometime just after I launched a new emulator, for very first time I was trying to upload my apk, however I got \"emulator: ERROR: the user data image is used by another emu
On Arch Linux x64, I had this similar problem which led me to this question. Using Eclipse, the emulator-5554 window would freeze, and Eclipse prompted me to start a new one. In the following dialog, emulator-5554 was reported to be offline, with an unknown target. If I started a new instance, it would be emulator-5556. This problem persisted through Eclipse restarts and log-off-on cycles too! Further, killx would close the window, but the process was still running.
So, find the emulator64-arm process id (not emulator-arm!):
ps ax | grep "emulator64-arm"
...and then just kill -9 it:
sudo kill -9 6728
...where 6728 was its PID. This completely disconnects the emulator so Eclipse can try to run it again.