I see a lot of references to \"compressed JSON\" when it comes to different serialization formats. What exactly is it? Is it just gzipped JSON or something else?
The most likely answer is that it really is just gzipped JSON. There is no other standard meaning to this phrase.
Re-organizing a homogenous array of JSON objects into a pair of arrays is a very useful technique to make the payload smaller and to speed up encoding and decoding, it is not commonly called "compressed JSON". I haven't run across it ever in open source or any open API, but we use this technique internally and call it "jsontable".