Does StringBuilder become immutable after a call to ToString?

Question

I distinctly remember from the early days of .NET that calling ToString on a StringBuilder used to provide the new string object (to be returned) with the internal char buff

Answer 1

Yup, this has been completely redesigned for .NET 4.0. It now uses a rope, a linked list of string builders to store the growing internal buffer. This is a workaround for a problem when you can't guess the initial Capacity well and the amount of text is large. That creates a lot of copies of the dis-used internal buffer, clogging up the Large Object Heap. This comment from the source code as available from the Reference Source is relevant:

    // We want to keep chunk arrays out of large object heap (< 85K bytes ~ 40K chars) to be sure.
    // Making the maximum chunk size big means less allocation code called, but also more waste 
    // in unused characters and slower inserts / replaces (since you do need to slide characters over
    // within a buffer).
    internal const int MaxChunkSize = 8000;